So you don't want to join a tour group. Perhaps you don't have the money for the tour (they can reach several thousand Yuan) or maybe you don't like to travel in groups (right now, it's mandatory to have a tour guide, vehicle and driver for any trip outside of Lhasa) or maybe you just like to live on the edge and want to try your luck at travelling to Tibet without a permit. Here's some points to consider based on my experiences in Tibet from the 4th of June, 2009 coming in from Dege in Sichuan, until leaving on the 16th of June, via train from Lhasa to Golmud.
If you decide to attempt any such journey, please let me know either via the comments or privately via email ivan at adventureivan.com
1. Know what permits you need
Rather than rehash other websites information about permits, I'll point you to the source I used while researching. In short, you need a Tibet Travel Permit for Lhasa (and surrounding areas), Alien Traveller's Permit if you plan on going outside the Lhasa area and a Military Permit for areas close to the border, e.g. Mt. Kailash.
http://kekexili.typepad.com/life_on_the_tibetan_plate/2007/02/travel_in_tibet.html
2. Decide on your entry point
My initial (failed attempt) was hitch hiking from Deqin. We were sitting in the back of a 4WD when we hit the checkpoint and were sent back. More details about trying to get from Deqin to Lhasa, from Yunnan Province to Tibet (Xi Zang).
To locate this checkpoint, follow the dirt road from Deqin towards Tibet, once you hit the smooth paved highway, you're very close. The checkpoint is towards the top of the climb at the start of the town. To get around it, I would wait near the bottom, at the start of this highway until dark, then cross at night, it's possible to hike over the mountain and around it, or to bribe someone to hide you in the back of a truck/jeep/van.
My second (successful) attempt at getting into Tibet without a permit was from the town of Dege in Sichuan Province.
3. Know where the checkpoints are
Along the route I took there was a checkpoint at the Sichuan/Tibet border, which I avoided by following the river north (skipping an unmarked/patrolled bridge) and taking a row boat across at a monastery.
There were checkpoints at just about every town along the way:
- Jonda (before the town coming from Dege, unmanned)
- Chamdo (several, almost caught at the one before the town, coming from Jonda)
- Jitang (before and after, both unmanned when I was passing through)
- Bangda (after town on the Sichuan highway towards Tibet, unmanned, not sure about before the town along the Sichuan highway as I came in via the northern highway #214)
- Baxo (after town, unmanned)
- Raog (after town, unmanned)
- Tangmai (before town, manned by several police who pointed at the minivan to stop, saw me out of disguise, leaned in the window, pointed at me and after a few minutes, decided to let the van pass without asking for papers)
- Baiyi (before and after town, before was manned but let us pass, after was only to check the driver's license)
- Lhasa (before town, checkpoint only to check seatbelts and licenses)
Between Lhasa and Nepal there are several more checkpoints (including three on the road to Everest Base Camp). There is a PSB checkpoint in Lhaze (passed once before it was in operation and walked around it during the day when it was manned), a military checkpoint just outside Old Tingri, three PSB checkpoints along the road you take to get to base camp and one more PSB checkpoint just near the border with Nepal.
Checkpoints between Lhasa and Nepal including the three to Everest Base Camp are marked on a map for your convenience.
4. Have a disguise prepared
You can't risk being seen as a foreigner in a town where you need a tour guide to be there legally, especially in the towns near the border.
Although I look like a terrorist in this photo, it's a disguise that actually worked for me, many motorbike riders in Tibet wore the same balaclava and riding/driving gloves (available in most towns, purchased in Dege).
The disguise had an early test when I arrived in Jonda and was almost hit by a police van while crossing the street to my hotel.
5. Have a cover story
If you are caught, make up a good story. If you're caught coming in, say you didn't know that you needed a permit for Tibet. It's worked for myself and several other travellers I've come across along the way.
If you're caught beyond the borders/Lhasa, try saying that you booked with a tour guide who wanted more money or wouldn't take you to where you'd agreed. You came in from Chengdu by train where you organised the tour. Don't mention any company names, you forgot which one it was.
6. If at first you don't succeed, try try again
My initial attempt from Deqin (Yunnan) was thwarted, but I was successful the second time from Dege (Sichuan).
If you're caught, I wouldn't risk the same entry point again, but wouldn't rule out Tibet altogether. Although they did take a photocopy of our passports coming from Deqin, I don't think they recorded the information anywhere, I caught (literally) the photocopy that they'd made when they were throwing it away.
7. Will you get a fake permit?
If you want, you can create a fake permit, either to thwart police or as part of your back story for the unfortunate situation should you be caught.
I unsuccessfully took this approach in the town of Dege. It's also possible to create your own templates on the computer using a sample permit and sample group list.
8. Accommodation
Accommodation can range in difficulty to find, Shigatse was the worst I found as every place wanted registration forms filled out, something you can't do if you're in the place without a permit. Lie your way through the forms, promise to do them in the morning, or stay in places that don't use them.
9. Know what you're risking
I've heard varying stories of the penalties for being caught. 500 Yuan fine (from several travellers and online reports), a beating (mentioned in the lonely planet), prison time (mentioned by one tour guide I met along the way), being permanently blacklisted from China (mentioned by another tour guide I met).
If you are caught, I would like to hear from you.
10. Supplies
Pick up some Tibetan maps at a bookstore in one of the big cities if you get the chance (Xi Zang Di Tu), otherwise you can browse through some of the uploaded files and put one or more of the maps onto your camera. Take a blank photo, connect the camera to a computer, open the picture in MSPaint and copy and paste one of the maps over the photo. Save the image and it should be viewable on your camera.
Food is generally not a problem, you're never far from civilisation (unless you're travelling out in the west), but you should still have some basics a couple of litres of water, iodine tablets, some dried food and some fruit for the journey.
11. Getting out
Getting out can be easy or hard depending on your chosen route. If you want to go via train, it's incredibly easy, you can go to the train station and purchase a ticket, they don't check your permits.
If you want to go out by road, it's the same as coming in, be careful around checkpoints, cross them at night/dawn if you have to and things should be ok.






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